An Asian Journal of Soil Science

B. C. Punitha ¹, T. H. Hanumantharaju ², R. Jayaprakash ³, V. M. Shilpashree ⁴

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vignan Kendra, College of Fishery, Manglore (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN
4 N.B.S.S. and L.U.P., Hebbal, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Persistence and degradation of acetamipirid was determined in soils of three different locations of Karnataka viz., Kodagu, Bangalore and Chamarajanagar. The soils were incubated at 25 mg kg^-1 of acetamiprid using soluble powder formulation grade acetamiprid (Star-20) under different moisture regimes air dry, field capacity, submergence and alternate wetting-drying. The persistence of acetamiprid differed in all the three soils. Higher persistence was noticed in Chamarajanagar soil followed by Kodagu and Bangalore soils. Half-life (t_1/2) of acetamiprid was found to be was highest in air dry moisture regime in Chamarajanagar soil (97.6 days) compared to Kodagu soil (96.8 days) and Bangalore soil (95.2 days). The half-life values in field capacity, submergence and alternate wetting-drying are 56.7, 64.5 and 61.8 days (Kodagu), 59.4, 66.7 and 57.7 (Bangalore) and 59.1, 66.7 and 70.8 days (Chamarajanagar) soils, respectively. The degradable pattern of acetamiprid residue followed a close correspondence to first order exponential degradation in all the three soils.

Keywords

Acetamipirid, Field Capacity, Submergence, Alternate Wetting-Drying, Exponential Degradation.

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R. Jayaprakash ¹, Y. Vishwanath Shetty ¹, B. C. Punitha ¹, V. M. Shilpashree ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Navile, Shimoga (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Hundred surface samples were collected for the analysis of phsico-chemical properties in southern Karnataka (Non-traditional). Total hundred representative surface samples were collected from the depth viz., 0-20 cms (surface), from the 4 districts namely Chitradurga, Davanagere, Chikkamangalur and part of Shivamoga comprising of 10 taluks. The samples were analysed for different physical and chemical properties. The study revealed that most of the soils were sandy clay loam and pH ranged from strongly acidic to slightly alkaline. Organic carbon ranged from 3.3 g kg^-1 to 19.0 kg^-1 and cation exchange capacity ranged from 9.0 cmol (p+) kg^-1 to 29.0 cmol (p+) kg^-1.

Keywords

Arecanut, Non-Traditional Region, Surface Soils.

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B. C. Punitha ¹, T. H. Hanumantharaju ², R. Jayaprakash ³, V. M. Shilpashree ⁴

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vignan Kendra, College of Fishery, Manglore (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, G.K.V.K., Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN
4 N.B.S.S. and L.U.P., Hebbal, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The impact of acetamiprid on selected soil enzymes dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase was studied using surface layer (0-15 cm) samples of movement studies. The samples were taken at different interval (10, 20, 30, 45 and 60 days) under field capacity and the enzyme activities were analyzed for Kodagu, Bangalore and Chamarajanagar soils of Karnataka. Highest inhibition was found on 10^th day incubation compared to initial activity in all the enzymes. The increased activity of all the three enzymes was observed from 20^th day incubation and reached maximum in 60^th day incubation. The highest dehydrogenase activity was recorded in Bangalore soil (58.93 μg TPF g^-1 soil h^-1) and the lowest activity was recorded in Kodagu soil (16.05 ig TPF g^-1 soil h^-1). The highest urease activity was recorded in Bangalore soil (356.66 ig urea g^-1 soil h^-1) and the lowest activity was recorded in Kodagu soil (341.81 ig urea g^-1 soil h^-1). The highest activity of acid phosphatase activity was recorded in Kodagu soil of pH 5.32 (6.23 μg pnitrophenol hydrolyzed g^-1 soil h^-1) followed by Bangalore (4.86 μg p-nitrophenol hydrolyzed g^-1 soil h^-1) and Chamarajanagar (4.63 μg p-nitrophenol hydrolyzed g^-1 soil h^-1) ,respectively. The alkaline phosphatase activity in soil was also high in Chamarajanagar soil of pH 8.1 (7.05 p-NP hydrolyzed μg^-1 soil h^-1), followed by Bangalore soil (5.29 μg p-NP hydrolyzed g^-1 soil h^-1) and Kodagu soil (3.85 μg p-NP hydrolyzed g^-1 soil h^-1).

Keywords

Acetamiprid, Field Capacity, Enzyme Activities, Dehydrogenase, Urease, Phosphatase.

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V. M. Shilpashree ¹, H. M. Chidanandappa ¹, R. Jayaprakash ¹, B. C. Punitha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Navile, Shimoga (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

A field study was carried out at College of Agriculture, Navile, Shimoga during Kharif 2009 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management practices on distribution of nitrogen fractions in soil. There were two levels of nitrogen applied through organics (FYM and vermicompost) and inorganics involving nine treatments combinations were tried in a RCBD with three replications. Significantly lower available nitrogen status was recorded in the treatments which received nitrogen only through fertilizers and without any organic matter application (196.00-200.50 kg ha^-1) including absolute control compared to all other treatments (238.00-243.60 kg ha^-1). Except inorganic nitrogen fractions, organic nitrogen fractions were recorded high in integrated treatments compared to the treatment which received nitrogen only in the form of fertilizers.

Keywords

Integrated Nutrient Management, Nitrogen Fractions, Organic Manures.

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